• The Winter Solstice, which occurs around December 21st or 22nd in the Northern Hemisphere, marks the shortest day and longest night of the year. This event happens when the Earth's axial tilt is farthest away from the Sun, and the Sun reaches its lowest maximum elevation in the sky.

    Key Points About the Winter Solstice:
    Astronomical Significance:

    It marks the start of astronomical winter in the Northern Hemisphere and astronomical summer in the Southern Hemisphere.
    After the solstice, daylight gradually increases until the Summer Solstice in June.
    Cultural Celebrations:

    Many cultures celebrate the Winter Solstice with festivals and rituals symbolizing rebirth and the return of the Sun.
    Examples include:
    Yule: A Pagan festival honoring the Sun's return.
    Dongzhi Festival: Celebrated in East Asia, focusing on family reunions and eating warming foods like dumplings.
    Inti Raymi: In Inca tradition, though celebrated in June in the Southern Hemisphere, it reflects similar reverence for the Sun.
    Astronomy Behind It:

    It happens when the Sun is directly over the Tropic of Capricorn (23.5° South latitude).
    Earth's axial tilt (23.5°) and orbit around the Sun cause the variation in daylight hours throughout the year.
    Symbolism:

    It represents hope, renewal, and the promise of longer days ahead, aligning with themes of light overcoming darkness.
    Would you like information on how it's celebrated in a specific culture or region?







    In the Southern Hemisphere, the Winter Solstice for the Northern Hemisphere corresponds to the Summer Solstice, which typically falls around December 21st or 22nd. This marks the longest day and shortest night of the year for those living south of the equator.

    Key Points About the Summer Solstice in the Southern Hemisphere:
    Astronomical Significance:

    It marks the beginning of astronomical summer in the Southern Hemisphere.
    The Sun is directly overhead at the Tropic of Capricorn (23.5° South latitude).
    Daylight:

    Locations close to the poles, such as Antarctica, experience 24-hour daylight during this time (a phenomenon known as the Midnight Sun).
    Countries like Australia, New Zealand, South Africa, and parts of South America enjoy longer days and warmer weather.
    Cultural Celebrations:

    Many cultures and traditions in the Southern Hemisphere celebrate the summer season rather than the solstice itself.
    Examples include:
    Christmas in summer: In Australia and New Zealand, Christmas is celebrated during the height of summer, often with beach outings, barbecues, and outdoor festivities.
    Indigenous communities may have unique ceremonies or observances connected to the Sun and the changing seasons.
    Weather Patterns:

    The solstice often aligns with peak summer temperatures in many regions.
    However, in areas like the southern tip of South America, weather may still feel relatively cool due to latitude.
    The Winter Solstice, which occurs around December 21st or 22nd in the Northern Hemisphere, marks the shortest day and longest night of the year. This event happens when the Earth's axial tilt is farthest away from the Sun, and the Sun reaches its lowest maximum elevation in the sky. Key Points About the Winter Solstice: Astronomical Significance: It marks the start of astronomical winter in the Northern Hemisphere and astronomical summer in the Southern Hemisphere. After the solstice, daylight gradually increases until the Summer Solstice in June. Cultural Celebrations: Many cultures celebrate the Winter Solstice with festivals and rituals symbolizing rebirth and the return of the Sun. Examples include: Yule: A Pagan festival honoring the Sun's return. Dongzhi Festival: Celebrated in East Asia, focusing on family reunions and eating warming foods like dumplings. Inti Raymi: In Inca tradition, though celebrated in June in the Southern Hemisphere, it reflects similar reverence for the Sun. Astronomy Behind It: It happens when the Sun is directly over the Tropic of Capricorn (23.5° South latitude). Earth's axial tilt (23.5°) and orbit around the Sun cause the variation in daylight hours throughout the year. Symbolism: It represents hope, renewal, and the promise of longer days ahead, aligning with themes of light overcoming darkness. Would you like information on how it's celebrated in a specific culture or region? In the Southern Hemisphere, the Winter Solstice for the Northern Hemisphere corresponds to the Summer Solstice, which typically falls around December 21st or 22nd. This marks the longest day and shortest night of the year for those living south of the equator. Key Points About the Summer Solstice in the Southern Hemisphere: Astronomical Significance: It marks the beginning of astronomical summer in the Southern Hemisphere. The Sun is directly overhead at the Tropic of Capricorn (23.5° South latitude). Daylight: Locations close to the poles, such as Antarctica, experience 24-hour daylight during this time (a phenomenon known as the Midnight Sun). Countries like Australia, New Zealand, South Africa, and parts of South America enjoy longer days and warmer weather. Cultural Celebrations: Many cultures and traditions in the Southern Hemisphere celebrate the summer season rather than the solstice itself. Examples include: Christmas in summer: In Australia and New Zealand, Christmas is celebrated during the height of summer, often with beach outings, barbecues, and outdoor festivities. Indigenous communities may have unique ceremonies or observances connected to the Sun and the changing seasons. Weather Patterns: The solstice often aligns with peak summer temperatures in many regions. However, in areas like the southern tip of South America, weather may still feel relatively cool due to latitude.
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  • #ClimateChange and #GlobaklWarming is a #HOAX!
    You have mentally ill people around the world claiming that CO2 is causing this BS "Climate Change" yet these same people generally have NO IDEA how much CO2 is even in our atmosphere! It's a mere 0.04% by the way, very little

    CO2 is a gas of LIFE!
    It is what humans exhale after breathing in oxygen...
    And in PERFECT BALANCE the plants BREATHE IN CO2 AND EXHALE OXYGEN!

    It's a perfect system. Yet, we have zealots bent on #Eugenics who want to kill us all...
    and if not KILL, they definitely want to CONTROL everyone! Their fictional
    "Climate Change" narrative is designed to give them
    FULL CONTROL OVER THE EARTH AND EVERYONE IN IT!

    These #Criminals will do whatever it takes to gain control over all of mankind!
    And that includes spraying TOXINS into our skies, poisoning the entire agricultural system, all men and women, and even the water!

    These lunatics have been trying to accomplish this #Evil plan for over 150 years!
    And it is time they are STOPPED!

    These morons have no more rights to this earth than we do....
    And there are BILLIONS OF US opposed to poisoning our earth and ourselves!

    It's about time that we start acting like it!
    These people belong in PRISON

    Here's the short list of LIES we have been told about how
    "Climate is going to kill us all" PURELY FICTION AND LIES!

    Scientists seeking funding and journalists seeking an audience agree: panic sells.

    “Global cooling is going to kills us all!” “No, wait: global warming is going to kill us all!”

    Here's the list - an amazing chronology of the last 120 years of scare-mongering on climate

    1895 - Geologists Think theWorld May Be Frozen Up Again – New York Times, February 1895

    1902 - “Disappearing Glaciers…deteriorating slowly, with a persistency that means their final annihilation…scientific fact…surely disappearing.” – Los Angeles Times

    1912 - Prof. Schmidt Warns Us of an Encroaching Ice Age – New York Times, October 1912

    1923 - “Scientist says Arctic ice will wipe out Canada” – Professor Gregory of Yale University, American representative to the Pan-Pacific Science Congress, – Chicago Tribune

    1923 - “The discoveries of changes in the sun’s heat and the southward advance of glaciers in recent years have given rise to conjectures of the possible advent of a new ice age” – Washington Post

    1924 - MacMillan Reports Signs of New Ice Age – New York Times, Sept 18, 1924

    1929 - “Most geologists think the world is growing warmer, and that it will continue to get warmer” – Los Angeles Times, in Is another ice age coming?

    1932 - “If these things be true, it is evident, therefore that we must be just teetering on an ice age” – The Atlantic magazine, This Cold, Cold World

    1933 - America in Longest Warm Spell Since 1776; Temperature Line Records a 25-Year Rise – New York Times, March 27th, 1933

    1933 – “…wide-spread and persistent tendency toward warmer weather…Is our climate changing?” – Federal Weather Bureau “Monthly Weather Review.”

    1938 - Global warming, caused by man heating the planet with carbon dioxide, “is likely to prove beneficial to mankind in several ways, besides the provision of heat and power.”– Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society

    1938 - “Experts puzzle over 20 year mercury rise…Chicago is in the front rank of thousands of cities thuout the world which have been affected by a mysterious trend toward warmer climate in the last two decades” – Chicago Tribune

    1939 - “Gaffers who claim that winters were harder when they were boys are quite right… weather men have no doubt that the world at least for the time being is growing warmer” – Washington Post

    1952 - “…we have learned that the world has been getting warmer in the last half century” – New York Times, August 10th, 1962

    1954 - “…winters are getting milder, summers drier. Glaciers are receding, deserts growing” – U.S. News and World Report

    1954 - Climate – the Heat May Be Off – Fortune Magazine

    1959 - “Arctic Findings in Particular Support Theory of Rising Global Temperatures” – New York Times

    1969 - “…the Arctic pack ice is thinning and that the ocean at the North Pole may become an open sea within a decade or two” – New York Times, February 20th, 1969

    1969 – “If I were a gambler, I would take even money that England will not exist in the year 2000″ — Paul Ehrlich (while he now predicts doom from global warming, this quote only gets honorable mention, as he was talking about his crazy fear of overpopulation)

    1970 - “…get a good grip on your long johns, cold weather haters – the worst may be yet to come…there’s no relief in sight” – Washington Post

    1974 - Global cooling for the past forty years – Time Magazine

    1974 - “Climatological Cassandras are becoming increasingly apprehensive, for the weather aberrations they are studying may be the harbinger of another ice age” –Washington Post

    1974 - “As for the present cooling trend a number of leading climatologists have concluded that it is very bad news indeed” – Fortune magazine, who won a Science Writing Award from the American Institute of Physics for its analysis of the danger

    1974 - “…the facts of the present climate change are such that the most optimistic experts would assign near certainty to major crop failure…mass deaths by starvation, and probably anarchy and violence” – New York Times

    Cassandras are becoming increasingly apprehensive, for the weather aberrations they are studying may be the harbinger of another ice age

    1975 - Scientists Ponder Why World’s Climate is Changing; A Major Cooling Widely Considered to Be Inevitable – New York Times, May 21st, 1975

    1975 - “The threat of a new ice age must now stand alongside nuclear war as a likely source of wholesale death and misery for mankind” Nigel Calder, editor, New Scientist magazine, in an article in International Wildlife Magazine

    1976 - “Even U.S. farms may be hit by cooling trend” – U.S. News and World Report

    1981 - Global Warming – “of an almost unprecedented magnitude” – New York Times

    1988 - I would like to draw three main conclusions. Number one, the earth is warmer in 1988 than at any time in the history of instrumental measurements. Number two, the global warming is now large enough that we can ascribe with a high degree of confidence a cause and effect relationship to the greenhouse effect. And number three, our computer climate simulations indicate that thegreenhouse effect is already large enough to begin to effect the probability of extreme events such as summer heat waves. – Jim Hansen, June 1988 testimony before Congress, see His later quote andHis superior’s objection for context

    1989 -“On the one hand, as scientists we are ethically bound to the scientific method, in effect promising to tell the truth, the whole truth, and nothing but – which means that we must include all doubts, the caveats, the ifs, ands and buts. On the other hand, we are not just scientists but human beings as well. And like most people we’d like to see the world a better place, which in this context translates into our working to reduce the risk of potentially disastrous climate change. To do that we need to get some broad based support, to capture the public’s imagination. That, of course, means getting loads of media coverage. So we have to offer up scary scenarios, make simplified, dramatic statements, and make little mention of any doubts we might have. This “double ethical bind” we frequently find ourselves in cannot be solved by any formula. Each of us has to decide what the right balance is between being effective and being honest. I hope that means being both.” – Stephen Schneider, lead author of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change,Discover magazine, October 1989

    1990 - “We’ve got to ride the global warming issue. Even if the theory of global warming is wrong, we will be doing the right thing – in terms of economic policy and environmental policy” – Senator Timothy Wirth

    1993 - “Global climate change may alter temperature and rainfall patterns, many scientists fear, with uncertain consequences for agriculture.” – U.S. News and World Report

    1998 - No matter if the science [of global warming] is all phony . . . climate change [provides] the greatest opportunity to bring about justice and equality in the world.” —Christine Stewart, Canadian Minister of the Environment, Calgary Herald, 1998

    2001 - “Scientists no longer doubt that global warming is happening, and almost nobody questions the fact that humans are at least partly responsible.” – Time Magazine, Monday, Apr. 09, 2001

    2003 - Emphasis on extreme scenarios may have been appropriate at one time, when the public and decision-makers were relatively unaware of the global warming issue, and energy sources such as “synfuels,” shale oil and tar sands were receiving strong consideration” – Jim Hansen, NASA Global Warming activist, Can we defuse The Global Warming Time Bomb?, 2003

    2006 - “I believe it is appropriate to have an over-representation of factual presentations on how dangerous it is, as a predicate for opening up the audience to listen to what the solutions are, and how hopeful it is that we are going to solve this crisis.” — Al Gore, Grist magazine, May 2006

    2006 – “It is not a debate over whether the earth has been warming over the past century. The earth is always warming or cooling, at least a few tenths of a degree…” —Richard S. Lindzen, the Alfred P. Sloan professor of meteorology at MIT

    2006 – “What we have fundamentally forgotten is simple primary school science. Climate always changes. It is always…warming or cooling, it’s never stable. And if it were stable, it would actually be interesting scientifically because it would be the first time for four and a half billion years.” —Philip Stott, emeritus professor of bio-geography at the University of London

    2006 - “Since 1895, the media has alternated between global cooling and warming scares during four separate and sometimes overlapping time periods. From 1895 until the 1930’s the media peddled a coming ice age. From the late 1920’s until the 1960’s they warned of global warming. From the 1950’s until the 1970’s they warned us again of a coming ice age. This makes modern global warming the fourth estate’s fourth attempt to promote opposing climate change fears during the last 100 years.” –Senator James Inhofe, Monday, September 25, 2006

    2007- “I gave a talk recently (on fallacies of global warming) and three members of the Canadian government, the environmental cabinet, came up afterwards and said, ‘We agree with you, but it’s not worth our jobs to say anything.’ So what’s being created is a huge industry with billions of dollars of government money and people’s jobs dependent on it.” – Dr. Tim Ball, Coast-to-Coast, Feb 6, 2007

    2008 – “Hansen was never muzzled even though he violated NASA’s official agency position on climate forecasting (i.e., we did not know enough to forecast climate change or mankind’s effect on it). Hansen thus embarrassed NASA by coming out with his claims of global warming in 1988 in his testimony before Congress” – Dr. John S. Theon, retired Chief of the Climate Processes Research Program at NASA, see above for Hansen quotes

    You can find this article by searching : American Thinker August 4, 2014
    "120 years of climate scares"

    It's time to tell these liars and eugenicists that the jig is up!
    And their little HOAX is over!

    Just look at the lunacy these people are printing!




    It’s Time to Engineer the Sky

    Global warming is so rampant that some scientists say we should begin altering the stratosphere to block incoming sunlight, even if it jeopardizes rain and crops

    https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/its-time-to-engineer-the-sky/
    #ClimateChange and #GlobaklWarming is a #HOAX! You have mentally ill people around the world claiming that CO2 is causing this BS "Climate Change" yet these same people generally have NO IDEA how much CO2 is even in our atmosphere! It's a mere 0.04% by the way, very little CO2 is a gas of LIFE! It is what humans exhale after breathing in oxygen... And in PERFECT BALANCE the plants BREATHE IN CO2 AND EXHALE OXYGEN! It's a perfect system. Yet, we have zealots bent on #Eugenics who want to kill us all... and if not KILL, they definitely want to CONTROL everyone! Their fictional "Climate Change" narrative is designed to give them FULL CONTROL OVER THE EARTH AND EVERYONE IN IT! These #Criminals will do whatever it takes to gain control over all of mankind! And that includes spraying TOXINS into our skies, poisoning the entire agricultural system, all men and women, and even the water! These lunatics have been trying to accomplish this #Evil plan for over 150 years! And it is time they are STOPPED! These morons have no more rights to this earth than we do.... And there are BILLIONS OF US opposed to poisoning our earth and ourselves! It's about time that we start acting like it! These people belong in PRISON Here's the short list of LIES we have been told about how "Climate is going to kill us all" PURELY FICTION AND LIES! Scientists seeking funding and journalists seeking an audience agree: panic sells. “Global cooling is going to kills us all!” “No, wait: global warming is going to kill us all!” Here's the list - an amazing chronology of the last 120 years of scare-mongering on climate 1895 - Geologists Think theWorld May Be Frozen Up Again – New York Times, February 1895 1902 - “Disappearing Glaciers…deteriorating slowly, with a persistency that means their final annihilation…scientific fact…surely disappearing.” – Los Angeles Times 1912 - Prof. Schmidt Warns Us of an Encroaching Ice Age – New York Times, October 1912 1923 - “Scientist says Arctic ice will wipe out Canada” – Professor Gregory of Yale University, American representative to the Pan-Pacific Science Congress, – Chicago Tribune 1923 - “The discoveries of changes in the sun’s heat and the southward advance of glaciers in recent years have given rise to conjectures of the possible advent of a new ice age” – Washington Post 1924 - MacMillan Reports Signs of New Ice Age – New York Times, Sept 18, 1924 1929 - “Most geologists think the world is growing warmer, and that it will continue to get warmer” – Los Angeles Times, in Is another ice age coming? 1932 - “If these things be true, it is evident, therefore that we must be just teetering on an ice age” – The Atlantic magazine, This Cold, Cold World 1933 - America in Longest Warm Spell Since 1776; Temperature Line Records a 25-Year Rise – New York Times, March 27th, 1933 1933 – “…wide-spread and persistent tendency toward warmer weather…Is our climate changing?” – Federal Weather Bureau “Monthly Weather Review.” 1938 - Global warming, caused by man heating the planet with carbon dioxide, “is likely to prove beneficial to mankind in several ways, besides the provision of heat and power.”– Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society 1938 - “Experts puzzle over 20 year mercury rise…Chicago is in the front rank of thousands of cities thuout the world which have been affected by a mysterious trend toward warmer climate in the last two decades” – Chicago Tribune 1939 - “Gaffers who claim that winters were harder when they were boys are quite right… weather men have no doubt that the world at least for the time being is growing warmer” – Washington Post 1952 - “…we have learned that the world has been getting warmer in the last half century” – New York Times, August 10th, 1962 1954 - “…winters are getting milder, summers drier. Glaciers are receding, deserts growing” – U.S. News and World Report 1954 - Climate – the Heat May Be Off – Fortune Magazine 1959 - “Arctic Findings in Particular Support Theory of Rising Global Temperatures” – New York Times 1969 - “…the Arctic pack ice is thinning and that the ocean at the North Pole may become an open sea within a decade or two” – New York Times, February 20th, 1969 1969 – “If I were a gambler, I would take even money that England will not exist in the year 2000″ — Paul Ehrlich (while he now predicts doom from global warming, this quote only gets honorable mention, as he was talking about his crazy fear of overpopulation) 1970 - “…get a good grip on your long johns, cold weather haters – the worst may be yet to come…there’s no relief in sight” – Washington Post 1974 - Global cooling for the past forty years – Time Magazine 1974 - “Climatological Cassandras are becoming increasingly apprehensive, for the weather aberrations they are studying may be the harbinger of another ice age” –Washington Post 1974 - “As for the present cooling trend a number of leading climatologists have concluded that it is very bad news indeed” – Fortune magazine, who won a Science Writing Award from the American Institute of Physics for its analysis of the danger 1974 - “…the facts of the present climate change are such that the most optimistic experts would assign near certainty to major crop failure…mass deaths by starvation, and probably anarchy and violence” – New York Times Cassandras are becoming increasingly apprehensive, for the weather aberrations they are studying may be the harbinger of another ice age 1975 - Scientists Ponder Why World’s Climate is Changing; A Major Cooling Widely Considered to Be Inevitable – New York Times, May 21st, 1975 1975 - “The threat of a new ice age must now stand alongside nuclear war as a likely source of wholesale death and misery for mankind” Nigel Calder, editor, New Scientist magazine, in an article in International Wildlife Magazine 1976 - “Even U.S. farms may be hit by cooling trend” – U.S. News and World Report 1981 - Global Warming – “of an almost unprecedented magnitude” – New York Times 1988 - I would like to draw three main conclusions. Number one, the earth is warmer in 1988 than at any time in the history of instrumental measurements. Number two, the global warming is now large enough that we can ascribe with a high degree of confidence a cause and effect relationship to the greenhouse effect. And number three, our computer climate simulations indicate that thegreenhouse effect is already large enough to begin to effect the probability of extreme events such as summer heat waves. – Jim Hansen, June 1988 testimony before Congress, see His later quote andHis superior’s objection for context 1989 -“On the one hand, as scientists we are ethically bound to the scientific method, in effect promising to tell the truth, the whole truth, and nothing but – which means that we must include all doubts, the caveats, the ifs, ands and buts. On the other hand, we are not just scientists but human beings as well. And like most people we’d like to see the world a better place, which in this context translates into our working to reduce the risk of potentially disastrous climate change. To do that we need to get some broad based support, to capture the public’s imagination. That, of course, means getting loads of media coverage. So we have to offer up scary scenarios, make simplified, dramatic statements, and make little mention of any doubts we might have. This “double ethical bind” we frequently find ourselves in cannot be solved by any formula. Each of us has to decide what the right balance is between being effective and being honest. I hope that means being both.” – Stephen Schneider, lead author of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change,Discover magazine, October 1989 1990 - “We’ve got to ride the global warming issue. Even if the theory of global warming is wrong, we will be doing the right thing – in terms of economic policy and environmental policy” – Senator Timothy Wirth 1993 - “Global climate change may alter temperature and rainfall patterns, many scientists fear, with uncertain consequences for agriculture.” – U.S. News and World Report 1998 - No matter if the science [of global warming] is all phony . . . climate change [provides] the greatest opportunity to bring about justice and equality in the world.” —Christine Stewart, Canadian Minister of the Environment, Calgary Herald, 1998 2001 - “Scientists no longer doubt that global warming is happening, and almost nobody questions the fact that humans are at least partly responsible.” – Time Magazine, Monday, Apr. 09, 2001 2003 - Emphasis on extreme scenarios may have been appropriate at one time, when the public and decision-makers were relatively unaware of the global warming issue, and energy sources such as “synfuels,” shale oil and tar sands were receiving strong consideration” – Jim Hansen, NASA Global Warming activist, Can we defuse The Global Warming Time Bomb?, 2003 2006 - “I believe it is appropriate to have an over-representation of factual presentations on how dangerous it is, as a predicate for opening up the audience to listen to what the solutions are, and how hopeful it is that we are going to solve this crisis.” — Al Gore, Grist magazine, May 2006 2006 – “It is not a debate over whether the earth has been warming over the past century. The earth is always warming or cooling, at least a few tenths of a degree…” —Richard S. Lindzen, the Alfred P. Sloan professor of meteorology at MIT 2006 – “What we have fundamentally forgotten is simple primary school science. Climate always changes. It is always…warming or cooling, it’s never stable. And if it were stable, it would actually be interesting scientifically because it would be the first time for four and a half billion years.” —Philip Stott, emeritus professor of bio-geography at the University of London 2006 - “Since 1895, the media has alternated between global cooling and warming scares during four separate and sometimes overlapping time periods. From 1895 until the 1930’s the media peddled a coming ice age. From the late 1920’s until the 1960’s they warned of global warming. From the 1950’s until the 1970’s they warned us again of a coming ice age. This makes modern global warming the fourth estate’s fourth attempt to promote opposing climate change fears during the last 100 years.” –Senator James Inhofe, Monday, September 25, 2006 2007- “I gave a talk recently (on fallacies of global warming) and three members of the Canadian government, the environmental cabinet, came up afterwards and said, ‘We agree with you, but it’s not worth our jobs to say anything.’ So what’s being created is a huge industry with billions of dollars of government money and people’s jobs dependent on it.” – Dr. Tim Ball, Coast-to-Coast, Feb 6, 2007 2008 – “Hansen was never muzzled even though he violated NASA’s official agency position on climate forecasting (i.e., we did not know enough to forecast climate change or mankind’s effect on it). Hansen thus embarrassed NASA by coming out with his claims of global warming in 1988 in his testimony before Congress” – Dr. John S. Theon, retired Chief of the Climate Processes Research Program at NASA, see above for Hansen quotes You can find this article by searching : American Thinker August 4, 2014 "120 years of climate scares" It's time to tell these liars and eugenicists that the jig is up! And their little HOAX is over! Just look at the lunacy these people are printing! It’s Time to Engineer the Sky Global warming is so rampant that some scientists say we should begin altering the stratosphere to block incoming sunlight, even if it jeopardizes rain and crops https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/its-time-to-engineer-the-sky/
    WWW.SCIENTIFICAMERICAN.COM
    It's Time to Engineer the Sky
    Global warming is so rampant that some scientists say we should begin altering the stratosphere to block incoming sunlight, even if it jeopardizes rain and crops
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  • Siberia: Temperature up to 20°C above average, climate shift at the end of November in the Northern Hemisphere.

    Typically, Siberian temperatures in late November would range from -10°C to -20°C (14°F to -4°F) in many areas, but this warming trend means that temperatures can sometimes be 20°C (36°F) above those averages. In practical terms, this could mean temperatures in the range of -5°C to -10°C (23°F to 14°F) in regions that would normally be much colder.
    Siberia: Temperature up to 20°C above average, climate shift at the end of November in the Northern Hemisphere. Typically, Siberian temperatures in late November would range from -10°C to -20°C (14°F to -4°F) in many areas, but this warming trend means that temperatures can sometimes be 20°C (36°F) above those averages. In practical terms, this could mean temperatures in the range of -5°C to -10°C (23°F to 14°F) in regions that would normally be much colder.
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  • https://forex-strategy.com/2024/10/20/why-wont-there-be-enough-food-very-soon-what-will-the-harvest-be-in-the-coming-years-and-what-will-the-sun-do/
    Why won't there be enough food very soon? What will the harvest be in the coming years, and what will the Sun do?
    What do the Sun and your car's catalytic converter have in common?
    Are we on the brink of a global meltdown? Are there coming wars different from those in Ukraine and Israel?
    #food #foodcrisis #climatechange #climate #temperatures #war
    https://forex-strategy.com/2024/10/20/why-wont-there-be-enough-food-very-soon-what-will-the-harvest-be-in-the-coming-years-and-what-will-the-sun-do/ Why won't there be enough food very soon? What will the harvest be in the coming years, and what will the Sun do? What do the Sun and your car's catalytic converter have in common? Are we on the brink of a global meltdown? Are there coming wars different from those in Ukraine and Israel? #food #foodcrisis #climatechange #climate #temperatures #war
    0 Comments 0 Shares 925 Views
  • https://medforth.biz/science-says-the-earths-temperatures-are-trending-cooler-but-the-talking-points-and-radical-policies-wont-change/
    https://medforth.biz/science-says-the-earths-temperatures-are-trending-cooler-but-the-talking-points-and-radical-policies-wont-change/
    0 Comments 0 Shares 593 Views
  • https://medforth.biz/laughable-here-are-some-of-the-sites-where-extreme-temperatures-are-being-recorded/
    https://medforth.biz/laughable-here-are-some-of-the-sites-where-extreme-temperatures-are-being-recorded/
    0 Comments 0 Shares 402 Views
  • San Bernardino, California Department out-of-control wildfires Monday that have scorched thousands of acres. More than 36,300 structures were threatened by the fire as of Monday morning. Temperatures reached 111 degrees in Woodland Hills, tying its record for the date set in 1979
    San Bernardino, California Department out-of-control wildfires Monday that have scorched thousands of acres. More than 36,300 structures were threatened by the fire as of Monday morning. Temperatures reached 111 degrees in Woodland Hills, tying its record for the date set in 1979
    0 Comments 0 Shares 739 Views
  • The Genetics Of Coffee
    The genetics of coffee is a fascinating and complex field that explores the hereditary and molecular characteristics of coffee plants. Two main species dominate the commercial coffee industry: Coffea arabica (Arabica) and Coffea canephora (Robusta). Here's an overview of the key aspects of coffee genetics:

    1. Species and Varieties
    Coffea arabica (Arabica):

    Genetic Makeup: Arabica coffee is a tetraploid (possesses four sets of chromosomes) with 44 chromosomes. It is a result of a cross between two diploid species, Coffea eugenioides and Coffea canephora.
    Varieties: Arabica coffee has numerous varieties such as Bourbon, Typica, Geisha, SL28, and SL34, each with unique genetic traits influencing flavor, yield, and disease resistance.
    Coffea canephora (Robusta):

    Genetic Makeup: Robusta coffee is a diploid species with 22 chromosomes.
    Varieties: Robusta varieties are generally more resistant to pests and diseases compared to Arabica but are often considered less flavorful. Key varieties include Kouillou and Congensis.
    2. Genomic Studies
    Arabica Genome: Sequencing the genome of Arabica has been challenging due to its tetraploid nature. However, recent advances have made it possible to identify genes associated with disease resistance, caffeine production, and quality traits.
    Robusta Genome: The genome of Robusta has been sequenced, providing insights into genes related to stress resistance, yield, and biochemical pathways involved in flavor and aroma.
    3. Breeding and Hybridization
    Traditional Breeding: Involves selecting plants with desirable traits and cross-breeding them to produce improved varieties. This process is time-consuming and requires several generations to achieve stable traits.
    Hybrid Varieties: New hybrids such as Arabusta (a cross between Arabica and Robusta) combine the favorable traits of both species, such as improved disease resistance from Robusta and better flavor profiles from Arabica.
    Marker-Assisted Selection (MAS): Uses molecular markers linked to desirable traits to accelerate the breeding process by selecting plants with the desired genes at an early stage.
    4. Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology
    CRISPR/Cas9: This gene-editing technology holds potential for precise modifications in the coffee genome, such as enhancing disease resistance, improving flavor, and increasing yield.
    Transgenic Approaches: Though controversial and subject to regulatory approval, transgenic techniques can introduce new genes into coffee plants to confer desirable traits, such as pest resistance or improved environmental adaptability.
    5. Challenges and Future Directions
    Climate Change: Rising temperatures and changing rainfall patterns threaten coffee production. Genetic research aims to develop varieties that are more resilient to these changes.
    Disease Resistance: Diseases like coffee leaf rust (Hemileia vastatrix) and coffee berry disease (Colletotrichum kahawae) are major threats. Identifying and incorporating resistant genes into new varieties is a priority.
    Flavor and Quality: Genetics plays a crucial role in determining the flavor profile of coffee. Research focuses on understanding the genetic basis of flavor compounds and breeding varieties with superior taste.
    Conclusion
    The genetics of coffee is a rapidly evolving field that combines traditional breeding methods with modern genomic and biotechnological approaches. Advances in this area promise to enhance coffee quality, yield, and sustainability, ensuring the future of one of the world's most beloved beverages.





    The Genetics Of Coffee The genetics of coffee is a fascinating and complex field that explores the hereditary and molecular characteristics of coffee plants. Two main species dominate the commercial coffee industry: Coffea arabica (Arabica) and Coffea canephora (Robusta). Here's an overview of the key aspects of coffee genetics: 1. Species and Varieties Coffea arabica (Arabica): Genetic Makeup: Arabica coffee is a tetraploid (possesses four sets of chromosomes) with 44 chromosomes. It is a result of a cross between two diploid species, Coffea eugenioides and Coffea canephora. Varieties: Arabica coffee has numerous varieties such as Bourbon, Typica, Geisha, SL28, and SL34, each with unique genetic traits influencing flavor, yield, and disease resistance. Coffea canephora (Robusta): Genetic Makeup: Robusta coffee is a diploid species with 22 chromosomes. Varieties: Robusta varieties are generally more resistant to pests and diseases compared to Arabica but are often considered less flavorful. Key varieties include Kouillou and Congensis. 2. Genomic Studies Arabica Genome: Sequencing the genome of Arabica has been challenging due to its tetraploid nature. However, recent advances have made it possible to identify genes associated with disease resistance, caffeine production, and quality traits. Robusta Genome: The genome of Robusta has been sequenced, providing insights into genes related to stress resistance, yield, and biochemical pathways involved in flavor and aroma. 3. Breeding and Hybridization Traditional Breeding: Involves selecting plants with desirable traits and cross-breeding them to produce improved varieties. This process is time-consuming and requires several generations to achieve stable traits. Hybrid Varieties: New hybrids such as Arabusta (a cross between Arabica and Robusta) combine the favorable traits of both species, such as improved disease resistance from Robusta and better flavor profiles from Arabica. Marker-Assisted Selection (MAS): Uses molecular markers linked to desirable traits to accelerate the breeding process by selecting plants with the desired genes at an early stage. 4. Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology CRISPR/Cas9: This gene-editing technology holds potential for precise modifications in the coffee genome, such as enhancing disease resistance, improving flavor, and increasing yield. Transgenic Approaches: Though controversial and subject to regulatory approval, transgenic techniques can introduce new genes into coffee plants to confer desirable traits, such as pest resistance or improved environmental adaptability. 5. Challenges and Future Directions Climate Change: Rising temperatures and changing rainfall patterns threaten coffee production. Genetic research aims to develop varieties that are more resilient to these changes. Disease Resistance: Diseases like coffee leaf rust (Hemileia vastatrix) and coffee berry disease (Colletotrichum kahawae) are major threats. Identifying and incorporating resistant genes into new varieties is a priority. Flavor and Quality: Genetics plays a crucial role in determining the flavor profile of coffee. Research focuses on understanding the genetic basis of flavor compounds and breeding varieties with superior taste. Conclusion The genetics of coffee is a rapidly evolving field that combines traditional breeding methods with modern genomic and biotechnological approaches. Advances in this area promise to enhance coffee quality, yield, and sustainability, ensuring the future of one of the world's most beloved beverages.
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