Another Jump in Astrophysics: Early Galaxies Challenging Dark Matter Models, The field of astrophysics has always been rife with surprising discoveries, and the latest findings from cutting-edge telescope data are no exception. Recent observations have cast doubt on some long-held assumptions about the formation of the early universe, leading scientists to question whether our current cosmological models, including the standard ΛCDM (Lambda Cold Dark Matter) model, truly represent the intricacies of cosmic evolution. A Glimpse into Early Galaxies Data from advanced telescopes, like the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST), has shown that early galaxies, formed less than a billion years after the Big Bang, were much larger and more luminous than previously believed possible. According to traditional models, galaxies were expected to grow more gradually, accruing mass and light over billions of years. The revelation that such massive and bright galaxies existed so early in the universe’s history has prompted a reevaluation of the ΛCDM model. The Standard ΛCDM Model: A Quick Overview The ΛCDM model is a mathematical framework that has long been the backbone of Big Bang cosmology. It consists of three main components: A cosmological constant (Λ): This represents dark energy, an enigmatic force driving the accelerated expansion of the universe. Cold dark matter (CDM): Hypothetical matter that does not emit or interact with electromagnetic radiation, explaining the unseen mass that affects gravitational forces on large scales. Ordinary matter: The familiar atoms and particles that make up stars, planets, and everything else visible in the universe. This model is referred to as the standard model of cosmology because it is the simplest and most comprehensive framework that has so far provided a reasonable explanation for a wide range of astronomical observations, from the cosmic microwave background to the distribution of galaxies. Early Challenges and New Theories However, the discovery of unexpectedly large and bright early galaxies implies that our models might be missing key details about the dynamics of the early universe. If galaxies formed so rapidly after the Big Bang, alternative explanations may be necessary. These might include modifications to our understanding of gravitational interactions on cosmic scales or the introduction of new interactions between particles that do not fit into the current ΛCDM framework. Some astrophysicists are exploring models that propose dark matter behaves differently in the presence of extreme conditions, while others suggest entirely new mechanisms that accelerate the process of galaxy formation. These theories challenge the conventional narrative by suggesting that dark matter might not be a universal constant, or that additional factors, such as modified gravity theories, might come into play. The Future of Cosmological Exploration As these observations continue to be studied and debated, it is clear that our current cosmological models may need to be updated or expanded to align with this unexpected data. The insights gained from the JWST and similar telescopes will undoubtedly continue to push the boundaries of our understanding, leading to new theories that could redefine our comprehension of the universe’s origins and its early development. The journey of discovery is far from over, and the universe, as always, holds more mysteries yet to be revealed. Whether these findings lead to small adjustments in the ΛCDM model or prompt the development of entirely new paradigms, one thing is certain: astrophysics is entering an exciting new chapter.

The Vega star system is one of the most studied in astronomy due to its proximity, brightness, and unique characteristics that challenge our understanding of planet formation and stellar evolution. Located just 25 light-years away from Earth in the constellation Lyra, Vega is a blue-white star and the fifth-brightest star visible in our night sky. Here's a breakdown of the most intriguing features of the Vega system: 1. Dust Disk Discovery Infrared Excess: In the 1980s, the Infrared Astronomical Satellite (IRAS) discovered an excess of infrared radiation from Vega, indicating a dust disk around the star. This disk emits infrared radiation as dust particles are heated by Vega's light, suggesting an early model of a protoplanetary or debris disk. Smooth Disk: Unlike other systems like Fomalhaut, Vega’s disk is remarkably smooth, lacking the gaps and rings typically associated with planets disturbing the dust. This smoothness implies that Vega may lack substantial planetary influences or that planets there may be few and more challenging to detect. 2. Potential "Hot Neptune" Astronomers have hypothesized that Vega might host a hot Neptune—a large planet orbiting close to the star, with a mass similar to that of Uranus or Neptune. If present, this planet could slightly perturb the disk, though not enough to create the pronounced structures seen in other systems. 3. Asteroid Belt Analogy Collapse Observations suggest that Vega may contain a large asteroid belt similar to our Solar System's, with a spread-out disk of rocky material. This possible asteroid belt might add to the dust observed around Vega and could provide insights into the early formation phases of planetary systems. 4. Historical and Cultural Significance Former Pole Star: Around 14,000 years ago, Earth's axis pointed toward Vega, making it the northern pole star until approximately 12,000 BC. The star held great significance for ancient civilizations due to its prominence. Name and Mythology: The name "Vega," originally spelled "Wega," comes from the Arabic "Al Nasr al Waki," meaning "Swooping Eagle." Vega is a cornerstone of the Summer Triangle, a prominent asterism for northern hemisphere skywatchers, along with Altair and Deneb. 5. Milestones in Astronomy First Stellar Spectrum: Vega was the first star to have its spectrum recorded in 1850, helping astronomers study stellar composition and temperature. Early Photographic Milestone: It was also the second star, after the Sun, to be photographed, marking a major step in astronomical imaging. 6. Variable Star Characteristics Vega is classified as a Delta Scuti variable, with slight pulsations that cause small changes in its brightness over time. Although minimal, these fluctuations provide valuable data for stellar research and challenge Vega's historic role as a "constant" in brightness. 7. Future Research and Exploration With its dust disk and potential hot Neptune, Vega remains a prime target for studying alternative pathways in planetary system evolution. Optical spectroscopy allows astronomers to analyze parameters such as star formation rates and chemical composition, shedding light on the processes within Vega's disk and its potential for planet formation. 8. Vega's characteristics—its smooth disk, possible planetary companions, and cultural prominence—continue to intrigue astronomers. Future missions and telescopes may reveal more about this iconic star system, potentially uncovering planets or additional features that reshape our understanding of how stars and planetary systems evolve.

C/2023 A3 (Tsuchinshan–ATLAS) is a comet from the Oort cloud discovered by Cradle of Modern Astronom Observatory in China on 9 January 2023. Visible to the naked eye, It made its closest approach to Earth on 12 October at a distance of 71 million km. Origin: The comet is believed to originate from the Oort cloud, a vast region of icy bodies located at the edge of our solar system. Visibility: During its closest approach, the comet was visible to the naked eye, making it a spectacular sight for those in the right location and under favorable conditions. Distance: The comet passed Earth at a distance of 71 million kilometers, which is relatively close in astronomical terms. The appearance of a comet like C/2023 A3 is a reminder of the incredible diversity and beauty of the universe. Learning to human civilization observation and our ability to explore the cosmos.

The Shocking Frankenstein Plane On a frigid November morning in 1944, a B-17 bomber, its battered frame pockmarked with flak damage, emerged from the clouds over Belgium. To the astonishment of the Allied soldiers on the ground, this Flying Fortress, a symbol of American ingenuity and resilience, executed a perfect landing, its wheels gently kissing the runway. But as Major John V. Crisp and his team rushed to the scene, their hearts pounding, they braced themselves for the worst. The B-17 had earned its reputation as a nearly indestructible war machine, but the extent of the visible damage left little hope for the crew inside. Crisp’s team circled the aircraft, noting the storied design that had made it a legend in the skies—a fortress in every sense, bristling with machine guns and capable of delivering devastating payloads while defying enemy fire. This bomber had been instrumental in crippling Nazi Germany’s war machine, dropping more than 640,000 tons of bombs during the relentless Allied campaign. As they climbed aboard, an eerie silence greeted them. No wounded crew, no bodies—just a haunting emptiness. Parachutes lay neatly packed, and half-eaten chocolate bars were scattered about. The only clue was a cryptic note in the codebook reading "bad flak." The soldiers exchanged bewildered glances, How had this battered bomber, built for war and meant to be manned by a crew of ten, managed to fly and land itself?

Uranus, the most distant naked-eye object in the Solar System, that has seen by visible to the naked to human eye anyway visible to the naked eye, but it was not discovered in ancient times. So what's going on with this solar system planet?. Discovery by Telescope: Uranus was not officially recognized as a planet until 1781 when astronomer William Herschel observed it through a telescope. Herschel initially thought it was a comet, but after further observation, it became clear that it was a new planet. This was the first planet discovered with a telescope, marking the shift in how we observe the cosmos. Uranus is an example of how astronomical discoveries can be overlooked despite being theoretically visible for centuries, largely due to human perception, observational limitations, and the planet's peculiar characteristics. In astronomy, the naked eye may be used to observe celestial events and objects visible without equipment, such as conjunctions, passing comets, meteor showers, and the brightest asteroids., Sky lore and various tests demonstrate an impressive variety of phenomena visible to the unaided eye.

This says GOD YHVH to the nations of these last days : "You were called to eternal LIFE in Christ Jesus by means of faith in Me and Him and Our Good News/ Gospel of salvation. But you chose to remain in ... or turn back into ... the worldly systems of deception, led by Satan/Lucifer. I AM. You will reap what you sew. My holy judgments are already going forth all over the earth because people left Me, the Source of all and of all that has life or spirit or breath of life or life-energy in it. I AM. Soon My beloved and glorified Son Jeshua HaMashiach / Jesus the Christ will return from heaven in great glory to start the Kingdom of GOD on earth visible, while He will reign and sit on His Throne at Jerusalem in Israel. I AM. During thousand years I and He will reign, for We are One. I AM. In those 1000 years of Our Reign there will be no war anymore ... nor will war be taught. I AM. Our Peace will Reign in those days. I AM. Blessed are all who will be partakers of that glorious Kingdom of GOD in those 1000 years. I AM." ; Says the LORD GOD of creation, the GOD of Israel and the GOD and Father of the True Heavenly Mashiach and of all true believers in GOD and His Spirit and words and holy Son Jeshua HaMashiach / Jesus The Christ, The Living One. Message received by The Candle / The Voice in The Wind of Holy Ghost of GOD. 05.10.2024.

The Ship that Survived a 450-Knot Human Missile The sky erupted in a hail of tracer fire as USS Shea's guns roared to life. It was May 4, 1945, and the destroyer minelayer was fighting for survival off the coast of Okinawa. Just moments ago, a lone bomber had appeared on the horizon, breaking through the morning haze. Now, it plummeted from the sky in a trail of smoke and flame, victim to Shea's lethal accuracy. But there was no time for relief. Suddenly, a lookout's voice cut through the din, edged with alarm. This was no ordinary threat. A Yokosuka MXY-7 Ohka, a piloted missile born of Japan's desperation, was streaking towards them from the starboard beam. The Ohka closed the distance at over 450 knots, its pale gray form barely visible against the morning sky. Its 2,600-pound warhead promised utter devastation. The human-guided bomb, designed for a one-way mission, was moments away from impact. Its 16-foot wingspan belied its lethal purpose. Shea's crew of 336, veterans of countless Pacific battles, had mere seconds to react. Their 376-foot vessel, despite its impressive array of weaponry, suddenly felt terrifyingly vulnerable. The four 5-inch guns and numerous anti-aircraft mounts stood ready. The next moments would put USS Shea's hard-earned nickname "Shootin' Shea" to the ultimate test… https://youtu.be/HE2muLyFwhg?si=qsLTuLmdijy0mwQn

Inside the World's Largest Doomsday Bunker Community An Epic Humanitarian Project the size Of A city: 575 private bunkers with space for thousands in one of North America's safest locations: The decommissioned US Army Black Hills Ordnance Depot at Igloo, South Dakota; south of Edgemont, SD. Mankind has a continuing obsession with end of the world prophecies and judgement day. Any visible or invisible threat to life kicks our survival instincts into gear and we want to take action. The market capitalizes on this fear and pushes innovation and products that both feed and satisfy survivalism. I visited the Terra Vivos survival shelters in South Dakota last month. This former US Army Base was constructed in 1942 and was called the Black Hills Ordnance Depot. It served as an explosives and munitions storage and maintenance facility. The bunkers measure 27 feet in width and 60 to 80 feet in length. The foundation is made of 2 to 3 feet of reinforced concrete. The walls are 12 inches thick and have a trench running down the sides. The interior space is 13 feet tall at their highest point. This entire survival shelter project is headed by Robert Vicino who has a background in manufacturing and real estate. His son, Dante Vicino gave us a tour of the Terra Vivos site and took us to some unfinished and completed bunkers. The bunkers are completely off the grid. To make them livable, you have to consider 4 main utilities. Water, Sewage, Energy, Internet Access. They are structurally sound, so you don’t have to add any additional support or reinforcement. Soil in the area is stable unlike the clayey soil in Texas, so most of the 82 year old foundations are in great shape and don't have any cracks. The curved interior walls are made of board-formed concrete. You can still see the beautiful wood grain etched into the concrete. Working remotely is no longer an issue. Thermal mass of the 12 inch thick concrete walls store heat or thermal energy during the day and slowly release it at night when it’s cooler. It can be turned into a self-sufficient town with a supermarket, hardware store, bars and restaurants. I see a lot of similarities to Marfa which is a small desert city in West Texas. Marfa was also a military town in the 1940s but it was converted into a cultural hub by Donald Judd, a minimalist artist from New York City. It’s an over-ambitious plan. Out of the 800 bunkers on site, the Vivos company wants to convert 575 of them. So far, only 50 have been purchased. The lease plan prevents you from ever owning your bunker. The wildlife like cows and deer that roam the site often climb on top of the bunkers causing erosion of the soil and grass, and exposing the concrete. Since it’s not “underground” it’s not as safe as other survival shelters that are buried 3 to 10 feet underground. The company is catering to a small group of people. They warn of nuclear war, bioterrorism, anarchy, electro-magnetic pulses, solar flares, super volcanoes, etc. If they marketed their bunkers as a way to protect family, life and belongings, it might be more popular with a larger group of people. Remote location. In the event of a disaster, you’d need a private plane to take you to Provo, South Dakota. It only works as a survival shelter if you are permanently living there. The nearest hardware store is in Hot Springs, about 45 minutes to an hour away. Vicino’s contractors designed layouts, but I wasn’t impressed with the quality of their work. Contamination of the subsurface soil and water supply is a concern to some residents in the area. Long term effects of living in a concrete box with no sunlight are also problematic. It’s an exciting project with a lot of potential if a significant number of individuals move to the area. I don’t know what category these bunkers fit into. It’s not a luxury survival shelter, it’s not in a super-secure, secret location, it’s not conveniently located near a major city unless you consider Rapid City a major city; and it’s not underground. At best, it is an earth sheltered home or bungalow. I’m wary of it turning into a thriving community, unless their marketing strategy changes. https://rumble.com/v5gidwh-inside-the-worlds-largest-doomsday-bunker-community.html

GOOD MORNING FRIENDS AND FOLLOWERS: I DON'T KNOW WHERE TO START, THE THEME IS COMPLICATED. I'LL START TALKING ABOUT MYSELF, SO YOU'LL KNOW WHERE I'M COMING FROM AND WHERE I'M GOING TO. I'M NOT A DOCTOR, I'M NOT A PSYCHOLOGIST BUT BY VARIOUS OCCUPATIONS I HAD IN MY YOUNGER YEARS, I WAS TRAINED IN SOME ASPECTS OF PSYCHOLOGY, SO I CAN PERCEIVE SUBTLE CHANGES IN HUMAN BEHAVIOR LIKE SPEECH PATTERNS, BODY LANGUAGE AND OTHER CHARACTERISTICS NOT NOTICED AT FIRST BY THE AVERAGE PEOPLE. THERE HAVE BEEN TWO ASSASSINATION ATTEMPTS AGAINST TRUMP, NOW HE HAS BEEN INFORMED OF FIVE ASSASSINS TEAMS SPONSORED BY IRAN, OUT TO GET HIM. IN MY OPINION, IT'S NOT IRAN BUT THE SAME OLD 'DEEP STATE' WITH AN INSIDE JOB TO COMPLETE: THE ENEMY IS WITHIN AND CLOSE. 'IRAN' IS JUST THE NARRATIVE, LIKE 'RUSSIA, RUSSIA, RUSSIA'... SOME YEARS AGO, OBAMA RESTORED DIPLOMATIC RELATIONSHIPS WITH COMMUNIST CUBA AND THE U.S. EMBASSY IN HAVANA WENT BACK TO FULL OPERATION. MOST EMBASSIES FROM FOREIGN COUNTRIES IN HAVANA ARE LOCATED IN THE SAME NEIGHBORHOOD OF THE U.S. EMBASSY. NOT LONG AFTER THE REOPENING, DIPLOMATS FROM THE U.S. AND OTHER COUNTRIES STARTED EXPERIENCING SOME MYSTERIOUS HEARING, VISION AND BRAIN PROBLEMS WITH NO EXPLANATION. INVESTIGATIONS COULDN'T FIND ANY REASONS OR SOURCES FOR THE PROBLEMS. IT BECAME THE "HAVANA SYNDROME". LATER ON, THOSE PROBLEMS APPEARED IN OTHER PLACES OF THE WORLD. THE SPECULATION IS, IT'S THE RESULT OF TESTS WITH 'DIRECTED ENERGY WEAPONS', EMITTING INVISIBLE WAVES CAPABLE OF INCAPACITATING PEOPLE. AFTER THE TWO ASSASSINATION ATTEMPTS, TRUMP HAD A RALLY IN ARIZONA. BEHIND THE PODIUM, THERE WERE TWO GROUPS OF PEOPLE. THE PEOPLE SITTING TO THE LEFT OF TRUMP WERE JUST FINE BUT THE PEOPLE SITTING TO THE RIGHT OF TRUMP, AT THE END OF THE RALLY THEY HAD TO GO TO EMERGENCY ROOM WITH SYMPTOMS LIKE LOSING VISION, RED FACES AND OTHER PROBLEMS. WERE THEY ATTACKED BY 'DIRECTED ENERGY WAVES'? ARE THE 'ASSASSINS' NOW TRYING TO DAMAGE AND DESTROY TRUMP WITH INVISIBLE WEAPONS? EVEN AFTER THE FAILED ASSASSINATIONS, MANY PROMINENT DEMOCRATS ARE TALKING PUBLICLY ABOUT 'ELIMINATING' TRUMP. THE ACTUAL SECRETARY OF COMMERCE SAID 'WE HAVE TO ELIMINATE TRUMP ONCE AND FOR ALL'. YESTERDAY AFTERNOON, I WAS WATCHING TRUMP SPEAK, NOT IN A RALLY BUT IN A MEETING OF SEVERAL HUNDRED BUSINESS PEOPLE IN NORTH CAROLINA AND I NOTICED SUBTLE CHANGES IN SPEECH PATTERN, MEMORY LAPSES, BODY LANGUAGE AND MINOR DETAILS, MAYBE NOT DETECTED BY THE COMMON VIEWER. HAS TRUMP BEEN ATTACKED BY 'DIRECTED ENERGY WEAPONS'? KAMALA HAS BEEN BEGGING FOR A SECOND DEBATE WITH TRUMP. DOES KAMALA KNOW ANYTHING AND INTEND TO HAVE A DEBATE WHERE TRUMP WILL PERFORM LOWER THAN EXPECTED AND MAKE A "BIDEN" OUT OF HIM? I DON'T KNOW. I CAN'T AFFIRM 100% THAT THIS IS HAPPENING. I'LL CONTINUE WATCHING AND ANALYZING ANY DETAILS IN HIS SPEECHES. ONE MONTH IN POLITICS CAN BE LIKE ETERNITY AND WE ARE LIVING IN VERY UNUSUAL TIMES WHEN ANYTHING CAN HAPPEN UNEXPECTEDLY.

GOOD MORNING FRIENDS AND FOLLOWERS: IN 2019, KAMALA WAS THE "WOKE" PRESIDENTIAL CANDIDATE AMONG MANY OTHERS DEMONCRAP CANDIDATES. SHE NEVER WAS ABOVE 1% IN PREFERENCES FROM VOTERS, SHE DROPPED OUT OF THE RACE EVEN BEFORE THE IOWA CAUCUSES, SHE NEVER GOT A SINGLE VOTE IN PRIMARIES. BIDEN WAS CHOSEN, BYPASSING MORE POPULAR CANDIDATES LIKE BERNIE SANDERS, (WHO WAS NOT REALLY A DEMONCRAP BUT A LIFELONG COMMUNIST), THEN, KAMALA WAS IMPOSED BY THE PUPPETMASTER (OBAMA) TO BE BIDEN'S RUNNING MATE. NOW, KAMALA SEEMS TO BE THE "CHOSEN ONE". THERE HAD BEEN SPECULATIONS BEFORE ABOUT REPLACING BIDEN WITH "MICHELLE" (MICHAEL?) OR HILLARY BUT THE RUMORS ABOUT MICHELLE BEING A TRANNY WOULDN'T HELP BUT RATHER HURT AND HILLARY WAS DAMAGED GOODS WITH NOT A VERY GOOD REPUTATION. SO WE HAVE KAMALA, BUT DON'T BE DECEIVED, KAMALA WON'T BE THE "WOKE" KAMALA OF 2019. KAMALA HAS ACCEPTED TO BE THE NEWEST 'DEEP STATE' UNIPARTY PUPPET. THE REAL GOVERNMENT WILL CONTINUE TO BE THE INVISIBLE POWERS FROM THE WEB OF THREE LETTERS AGENCIES THAT DO NOT NECESSARILY ABIDE BY THE LAWS AND CONSTITUTION. KAMALA WILL BE (JUST LIKE BIDEN) THE VISIBLE FACE AND THE SIGNATURE IN LAWS AND EXECUTIVE ORDERS, (WRITTEN BY OTHERS, OF COURSE). IN THAT SENSE, SHE WONT BE DIFFERENT THAN OBAMA, BUSH, McCAIN, MITT ROMNEY, HILLARY... WHO PRETEND TO BE FROM DIFFERENT PARTIES BUT THE ESTABLISHMENT PARTY IS ONLY ONE. SEE THIS INTERESTING VIDEO FEATURING JACK POSOBIEC.