The Genetics Of Coffee The genetics of coffee is a fascinating and complex field that explores the hereditary and molecular characteristics of coffee plants. Two main species dominate the commercial coffee industry: Coffea arabica (Arabica) and Coffea canephora (Robusta). Here's an overview of the key aspects of coffee genetics: 1. Species and Varieties Coffea arabica (Arabica): Genetic Makeup: Arabica coffee is a tetraploid (possesses four sets of chromosomes) with 44 chromosomes. It is a result of a cross between two diploid species, Coffea eugenioides and Coffea canephora. Varieties: Arabica coffee has numerous varieties such as Bourbon, Typica, Geisha, SL28, and SL34, each with unique genetic traits influencing flavor, yield, and disease resistance. Coffea canephora (Robusta): Genetic Makeup: Robusta coffee is a diploid species with 22 chromosomes. Varieties: Robusta varieties are generally more resistant to pests and diseases compared to Arabica but are often considered less flavorful. Key varieties include Kouillou and Congensis. 2. Genomic Studies Arabica Genome: Sequencing the genome of Arabica has been challenging due to its tetraploid nature. However, recent advances have made it possible to identify genes associated with disease resistance, caffeine production, and quality traits. Robusta Genome: The genome of Robusta has been sequenced, providing insights into genes related to stress resistance, yield, and biochemical pathways involved in flavor and aroma. 3. Breeding and Hybridization Traditional Breeding: Involves selecting plants with desirable traits and cross-breeding them to produce improved varieties. This process is time-consuming and requires several generations to achieve stable traits. Hybrid Varieties: New hybrids such as Arabusta (a cross between Arabica and Robusta) combine the favorable traits of both species, such as improved disease resistance from Robusta and better flavor profiles from Arabica. Marker-Assisted Selection (MAS): Uses molecular markers linked to desirable traits to accelerate the breeding process by selecting plants with the desired genes at an early stage. 4. Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology CRISPR/Cas9: This gene-editing technology holds potential for precise modifications in the coffee genome, such as enhancing disease resistance, improving flavor, and increasing yield. Transgenic Approaches: Though controversial and subject to regulatory approval, transgenic techniques can introduce new genes into coffee plants to confer desirable traits, such as pest resistance or improved environmental adaptability. 5. Challenges and Future Directions Climate Change: Rising temperatures and changing rainfall patterns threaten coffee production. Genetic research aims to develop varieties that are more resilient to these changes. Disease Resistance: Diseases like coffee leaf rust (Hemileia vastatrix) and coffee berry disease (Colletotrichum kahawae) are major threats. Identifying and incorporating resistant genes into new varieties is a priority. Flavor and Quality: Genetics plays a crucial role in determining the flavor profile of coffee. Research focuses on understanding the genetic basis of flavor compounds and breeding varieties with superior taste. Conclusion The genetics of coffee is a rapidly evolving field that combines traditional breeding methods with modern genomic and biotechnological approaches. Advances in this area promise to enhance coffee quality, yield, and sustainability, ensuring the future of one of the world's most beloved beverages.

Wow, the bags under my eyes are gone! Nov 2, 2023 Let me start by telling you what I am NOT. I am not a believer. I need to have things proven to me before I believe. I do not do fitness, new age, meditation, yoga-mumbo jumbo. Apologies to those who do, I am sure you benefit greatly from it – it is just not for me. I am not someone who exercise. Not at all. I am by far the laziest person you will ever meet. I walk my dogs. Period. I dance salsa. Nothing else. I am not someone who cooks. All my life I have lived off of cookies, cakes, sandwiches and coffee with obscene amounts of sugar in it. I kid you not. I am rather uninterested in food as a whole. Which is why I have troubles with circulation. Then why would I ever be BLESSED (because I have come to realize that it is a blessing) to come across such a thing as the BodyStream Dry CO2 bath? Well, my lower back has been punishing me for at least ten years now. I have also developed problems with my lymphatic system and my blood value is far from up to par. I suffer from constant shortage of iron and my hemoglobin values have been known to be so low that at one time my doctor called me, in hysterics, to check that I was not lying passed out and dying on the bathroom floor – and then I got sent straight to the hospital to get a blood transfusion. This has resulted in my diet being overhauled by medical experts and my lifestyle turned completely upside down. No lactose, no gluten and absolutely no sugar for the rest of my life. It seems I have indulged enough in those pleasures. Or rather – my body has. And suddenly rearranging my way of living and my way of thinking opened my mind up to being willing to listen to a good friend of mine who is absolutely passionate about Conscious Breathing. This passion of hers has brought her to one of the foremost experts in Conscious Breathing in the world, Anders Olsson. He is currently developing the BodyStream which is not yet available for purchase, but he ever so graciously has allowed my friend to conduct a smaller study on subjects she thinks might benefit from its effects. And she thought of me and my chronic back pain, my lymphatic problems and my constantly icy hands – which tells the story of bad blood circulation. She asked me if I wanted to try the suit – and in my new state of mind I agreed. AND AM I EVER GLAD THAT I DID!!  (pic of before and after belly) Day 1 – Slept through the whole night The BodyStream is a suit you put on, where then all air is sucked out and the suit is filled with carbon dioxide (CO2). Sounds futuristic? It sure looks like a space suit – so yes! Before I got into the suit I received a local massage of my lower back – my nemesis – to warm the muscles up to be even more receptive to the CO2. Then in I went. Air was sucked out, CO2 pumped in. I felt like Violet in Charlie and the Chocolate Factory, the little girl with the chewing gum who blows up to a giant, round blueberry. I then lay down comfortably to let the CO2 do its magic. A slow, warm, embracing feeling came over me. My hands tingled slightly – as if they all of a sudden were drenched in happiness. After a while I did become a bit dizzy, but that feeling passed. After 30 minutes it was time to leave the soft, warm cocoon of the BodyStream. Before going in I tried to fold my body over to touch the floor, to have a specific move to measure if any difference would be noticeable after using the BodyStream. A movement I have been unable to do for at least five odd years. My outstretched hands came no further than halfway down my calves. Directly after leaving the suit I tried again. I was able to bend forward all the way over until my stomach were against my thighs, and my fingers touched the floor! I do not know if I have EVER been able to do that. But in the first minute after the treatment I could. That night I slept without even waking up once. Normally I wake up an average of ten times a night, roughly every time I need to change position because every movement is torture. My hips and my back are very, very sore. I slept without waking up even once. Unheard of! I had tears in my eyes. Day 2 – Hangover I must admit to not actually knowing what a hang-over feels like as I have never been drunk, but I imagine it feels somewhat like I felt the day after the treatment. A constant, gnawing headache and a slight feeling of nausea all day. And yes, I even ended up vomiting. I am not ashamed to admit that I spent most of the day in bed (naturally I was free from work, so I probably would have lingered in bed anyway) under my three dogs watching Netflix. No pain in my lower back at all – but headache and nausea galore… Again, I slept through the night without waking when changing positions. Day 3 – The bags under my eyes were GONE! I ventured into the bathroom in the morning to have a shower – saw myself in the mirror and nearly fainted! The bags under my eyes were GONE! I have had dark circles and bags under my eyes since I was 13 – now all the puffiness had vanished! The darkness was still visible – but the swollen, puffy under-eye-bags were nowhere to be seen. Like winning the lottery! Day 4 – Where has my pain gone? Woke up after a painless nights sleep, took the dogs out for a long walk and half-way through, in the middle of the forest I realize I am missing the ever present low-key aching in my back that always rears its ugly head while walking the dogs, nor are my hips complaining. What? Day 5 – My “crocodile” skin is soft like a baby’s bottom I am vehemently against all things that has to do with putting lotion on. It feels sticky, oily and makes me panic to the extent that the few times I have tried to put lotion on my face or my body I have ended up washing my face or taking a shower, thus undoing the effect of the lotion. As a result of this I end up having legs that seem to have crocodile skin in the winter. Scaly, dry crocodile skin. After the BodyStream treatment however my skin feels soft and supple. Almost like a baby’s bottom. I cannot wait to go back for treatment number two! What wonders are yet to come? I already sleep without any pain, my back does not constantly ache and my hips are not sore to the touch. I look more awake, healthy – and dare I say – younger as the puffiness under my eyes is gone. Looking forward to what the continued therapy will bring. Victoria Heaps 47, Translator, Stockholm, Sweden CARBOHALER BENEFITS * Reduce Mental Stress * Slow Down Your Breathing * Heal Emotional Wounds * Open Up Your Blood Vessels * Increase Muscle Strength * More Blood To Your Brain * Faster Recovery * Open Up Your Airways * Better Oxygenation * Hypoxia Reduction * Increased Vasodilation * Increased Cerebral Blood Flow * Improve Lung Function * Improve Recovery Time * Stress Reduction * Increased CO2 Tolerance 👉 https://carbogenetics.com/ref/19 👈 #carbogenetics #carbogen #carbohaler #breathing #consciousbreathing #healing #healthy #injuryrecovery #eyesightimprovement #sportsperformance #superendurance #healthimprovement #calmer #relaxation #peaceofmind #covid #covidrecovery #healfromcovid #epilepsy #epilepsia #fascia #retina #eyes #diseasesymptoms #negativethoughtsimmunity #immunetonegativethoughts #bodystream #painfree

THE SECOND VIDEO TODAY, EXPLORES HOW THE WORLD ECONOMIC FORUM MAY CHANGE WITH KLAUS SCHWAB STEPPING DOWN

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Dear God, I humbly come before you in prayer, expressing deep concerns about the state of our country. I feel that our nation has been taken over by demons who have influenced the elected leaders to prioritize personal gain over the well-being of our people. It saddens me to witness the suffering inflicted upon our women and children, and the disregard for the sanctity of life. It seems that those in power have strayed from the path of righteousness, engaging in actions driven by greed, lust for power, and a lack of empathy. I implore you, Holy Father, to expose the wrongdoing of these individuals and bring their transgressions to light. May the truth be revealed for all to see, and may swift justice be served to those who mock both the governed and You, Father. I pray that you instill courage and bravery in the hearts of all American Patriots, be it man or woman, empowering them to take the necessary actions to restore our country to the glorious gift it once was. If it is Your will, Father, may Your divine intervention guide us toward a brighter future. In the name of Jesus, I offer this prayer to You, knowing that You hear and respond to the cries of Your children. Amen.

Historical Perspectives Ancient Civilizations: Early human societies measured time using natural phenomena—such as the movement of the sun, moon, and stars. The Sumerians, Egyptians, and Mayans developed calendars and astronomical observations. Mechanical Clocks: The invention of mechanical clocks in medieval Europe revolutionized timekeeping. By the 14th century, clocks with escapements allowed for more accurate tracking of hours and minutes. Standard Time: The 19th century saw the establishment of standard time zones, essential for railways and communication networks. Sir Sandford Fleming proposed a worldwide standard time system in 1879, leading to the adoption of Greenwich Mean Time (GMT). Scientific Developments Relativity Theory: Albert Einstein's theories of relativity in the early 20th century fundamentally altered our understanding of time. Time is relative, affected by speed and gravity, leading to the concept of spacetime. Quantum Mechanics: In the realm of the very small, time behaves differently. Quantum mechanics introduces probabilities and uncertainties, challenging classical notions of time as a linear, continuous progression. Technological Advances Atomic Clocks: The development of atomic clocks in the mid-20th century provided unprecedented precision. These clocks, based on the vibrations of atoms, are accurate to within billionths of a second. Global Positioning System (GPS): GPS technology relies on the precision of atomic clocks to provide accurate positioning information. Time synchronization is crucial for the system's accuracy. Cultural Aspects Perception of Time: Different cultures perceive and value time differently. Western cultures often see time linearly and quantitatively, while many Eastern cultures view it cyclically and qualitatively. Time in Art and Literature: Time has been a central theme in art, Lost Time" to Salvador Dalí's "The Persistence of Memory" explore the nature and impact of time. Future Directions Temporal Physics: Research in temporal physics explores the nature of time, including the possibility of time travel, the directionality of time, and the flow of time in different environments. Artificial Intelligence and Time: AI can change how we interact with and manage time, from personal productivity tools to large-scale simulations of temporal processes. Societal Changes: As technology accelerates, our relationship with time continues to evolve. Concepts like the "singularity" suggest a future where time's progression could be fundamentally different from our current understanding.

MUST-WATCH: Gaetz Corners Garland, Massie Unleashes Legal Armageddon on Corrupt Trump Case https://rumble.com/v4zvjs5-must-watch-gaetz-corners-garland-massie-unleashes-legal-armageddon-on-corru.html In this explosive special report, we dive into the heated confrontation between Rep. Matt Gaetz and Attorney General Merrick Garland over the controversial connections surrounding Judge Merchan and DOJ official Matthew Colangelo in the Trump prosecution. Gaetz grills Garland on Colangelo's suspicious move from the DOJ to DA Bragg's office, insinuating a politically motivated effort to "get Trump." Meanwhile, Rep. Thomas Massie drops a bombshell, questioning the very legality of Jack Smith's Special Counsel appointment and submitting a powerful amicus brief by former AG Edwin Meese challenging its constitutionality. As Judge Cannon opens the door for this debate in the courtroom, the fireworks are just beginning. We'll explore the shocking details, the potential legal ramifications, and what this means for the future of the Trump case and the integrity of our justice system. You won't want to miss my final thought on this developing story. Like and subscribe for more hard-hitting reports that the mainstream media won't touch. Get ready for a jaw-dropping expose that could change everything.

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Jordan Maxwell’s Final & Most Controversial Lecture EVER... An Exposé Of Secret Societies https://www.youtube.com/watch?app=desktop&v=hb0EAS6k5YE Our Deepest Gratitude to Jordan Maxell’s Invaluable Contribution to the Awakening of Humanity. 'Rest in Peace our Dear Friend & Fellow Human Being' - Robert Brown, Mega Con USA - https://bit.ly/UFO_MEGA_CON_USA This is the final and the most controversial lecture by Jordan Maxell ( 1940 – 2022), filmed at Mega Con USA. Considering the rapidly moving events of today, and the very real part that hidden religious agendas play in our modern war-torn world, Jordan Maxell (1940 – 2022) feels these controversial subjects are not only interesting to explore, but too important to ignore! His extraordinary presentations include documents and photographs seldom seen elsewhere. The presentations followed by Jordan Maxwell, a Lifetime of Research - The 2020 Saucerian Award Honoree, an incredible lifetime achievement award which was presented to him at the 2020 UFO Mega Con in Laughlin. His research into the UFO secrecy and Secret Societies is second to none This channel is managed by Zohar Entertainment Group UK, Zohar Entertainment Group International Inc, USA and AdRev, USA.

Donner Lake: The Perfect Place for A Family & Friends Dinner More information BELOW THE VIDEO on the Channel In 1846, a group of families set out for California in search of a better life. However, their journey took a tragic turn as they encountered brutal weather conditions, dwindling supplies, and forced to resort to extreme measures for survival, including cannibalism. The Donner Party's ordeal became a symbol of resilience and desperation in the face of adversity. Despite the grim circumstances, this wild, western tale has captivated generations, serving as both a cautionary tale and a reminder of the enduring human will to survive -- no matter what. Join us as we explore the untold details and lasting legacy of this unforgettable chapter in American frontier history. This is the REAL story of the Donner Party. I'm no expert on precious metals, but I think it would be a good idea to invest in some of these BEFORE the proverbial #SHTF https://meadammo.com/projectile/ Mead Industries PO Box 402 411 Walnut Street (308) 583-2875 Wood River, Nebraska 68883 https://meadammo.com/